Security Council Resolution 2800 (2025) [on Extension of the Mandate of the Un Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (Minusca) Until 15 Nov. 2026]

Urges all parties to the conflict in the CAR to respect the ceasefire announced on 15 October 2021, urges the signatory armed groups to respect their commitment, calls on the CAR Government and other signatories to fully implement the APPR in good faith and without delay in order to meet the aspirations of the people of the CAR to peace, security, justice, reconciliation, inclusivity and development, and to resolve their disputes peacefully, including through the follow-up and dispute resolution mechanisms of the APPR, and ensure full, equal, meaningful and safe participation of women and youth in such mechanisms, and recalls that the CAR Government has the primary responsibility to protect all populations in the CAR, including from international crimes;

Calls on the CAR authorities and the authorities of neighbouring countries to cooperate at the regional level to investigate and combat transnational criminal networks and armed groups involved in arms trafficking and in the illegal exploitation of natural resources, calls for the further reconvening and regular follow-up of bilateral joint commissions between the CAR and neighbouring countries to address cross-border issues, including issues related to arms trafficking, and take agreed next steps to secure common borders, and stresses the need for CAR Government to finalise and implement, in cooperation with relevant partners, a strategy to tackle the illegal exploitation and smuggling of natural resources;

Encourages the CAR Government to cement and broaden national awareness and ownership of the peace and reconciliation process including its extension at the local level, recalls in this regard the crucial role of political parties, including the opposition, civil society and faith-based organisations, and encourages the CAR Government to continue its efforts to increase the full, equal, meaningful and safe participation of women and youth in this process and to continue its efforts towards implementing the recommendations of the Republican dialogue and to urgently implement a genuinely inclusive process to support reconciliation in the CAR by addressing the root causes of the conflict, including local grievances and marginalization, and the cohesion of all the components of society over the whole territory of the CAR, and issues related to transhumance and the illegal exploitation of natural resources, including through national and local electoral processes and implementation of political reforms, provided under the APPR and support the implementation of the Truth, Justice, Reparation and Reconciliation Commission mandate;

Urges the CAR Government and all national stakeholders to ensure the preparation of inclusive, free and fair elections in 2025 and 2026, carried out in a transparent, credible, peaceful and timely manner, in accordance with the Constitution of the CAR of 30 August 2023 and the decisions of the Constitutional Court, with the full, equal, meaningful and safe participation of women as voters and candidates, recognising the efforts made to implement the law establishing a minimum quota of 35 percent for women’s representation and the alternating candidate list to ensure parity in municipal elections and by addressing risks of harm, including threats and violence, and ensuring necessary protection for women in these roles, encourages the meaningful participation of youth, calls on all parties to refrain from incitement to hatred and violence, including through social media platforms, welcomes the revision of the voter list by the CAR Government to include internally displaced persons and returnees, as well as newly eligible voters, further encourages the CAR Government to allow political space for the role, rights and responsibilities of legally constituted political parties, including opposition parties, and also ensure secure conditions for the conduct of elections and unrestricted access to the polls, including through cooperation with MINUSCA, consistent with the Mission’s role regarding the protection of civilians, and strongly encourages the international community to provide adequate support, including technical and financial support through the UN Development Programme Basket Fund as well as observers to the upcoming elections;

Calls upon all parties to respect the civilian and humanitarian character of camps and settlements for IDPs and refugees, as such, also calls upon the CAR Government to ensure that national policies and legislative frameworks adequately protect the human rights of all displaced persons, including freedom of movement, welcomes the national strategy for durable solutions for IDPs and refugees, and encourages the CAR Government to establish conditions for their voluntary, safe, dignified and sustainable return, local integration or resettlement, and provide for their participation in the elections;

Urges the CAR Government to continue addressing the presence and activity of armed groups in the CAR by implementing a comprehensive strategy that prioritises dialogue, in line with the APPR via the roadmap, and to pursue their efforts towards urgent implementation of an inclusive, gender-sensitive and effective DDR process, and incentives, as well as repatriation (DDRR) in the case of foreign fighters, including children formerly associated with armed forces and groups, as well as continuing the implementation of community violence reduction projects, expresses concern about the reported recruitment of disarmed fighters by defence and security forces for combat operations against armed groups, encourages the CAR Government to continue making efforts towards preserving the integrity of the national DDRR process, and calls upon the CAR Government to ensure that all demobilised combatants, including women and youth, are provided security, as appropriate, throughout the DDRR process and to regularise the status of all combatants who have disarmed, recognising that repatriations of Lord’s Resistance Army combatants mark the first such repatriation effort from any country;

Calls on the CAR Government to continue implementing the National Security Policy, the National Strategy on SSR and the National Defence Policy and Strategy, with the support of the international community, and by providing appropriate budgetary resources, in order to support capacity building of security institutions, to bring all elements of the CAR armed forces under a single and effective chain of command ensuring proper command, control and oversight and to put in place professional, ethnically representative and regionally balanced national defence and security forces, taking into account the recruitment of women, and appropriately trained and equipped national defence and security forces, including through the adoption and implementation of appropriate vetting procedures of all defence and security personnel, including human rights vetting, as well as measures to absorb disarmed and demobilised elements of armed groups meeting rigorous eligibility and vetting criteria;

Calls on the CAR Government to ensure that all security actors in country at the invitation of the government de-conflict their training and operational activities;

Calls on the CAR Government to pursue their efforts to strengthen justice and corrections institutions at national and local levels as part of the extension of State authority in order to fight impunity and to contribute to stabilization and reconciliation, and calls for the continued support of international partners to ensure that the Central African criminal justice system and the Truth, Justice, Reparation and Reconciliation Commission, remain operational and are able to work in an independent, neutral and transparent manner, and for the continued support of international partners to the Special Criminal Court;

Encourages the CAR Government, with the support of the international community, in particular with International Financial Institutions leading international efforts, to improve public financial management and accountability in a manner that allows it to meet the expenses related to the functioning of the State, implement early recovery plans, and revitalise the economy, and that fosters national ownership;

Encourages the Secretary-General to continue its efforts in line with paragraphs 60, 64 and 65 of the General Assembly resolution 76/274, in accordance with the Financial Rules and Regulations of the United Nations, and encourages the UN Resident Coordinator to work with the UN country team to continue to support building the capacity of interested local businesses with the aim of supporting the country’s economic development by promoting procurement from local businesses, inclusive growth and contributing to the acceleration of the implementation of the SDGs;

Urges all parties to armed conflict in the CAR, particularly armed groups, to end all violations and abuses committed against children, in violation of international law, including those involving their recruitment and use, rape and sexual violence, killing and maiming, abductions and attacks on schools and hospitals, noting that most cases were attributed to armed groups, calls upon the CAR Government to respect its obligations under the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict that it ratified on 21 September 2017, and to consider those children who are associated with or have been released or otherwise separated from armed forces and armed groups primarily as victims as per the Paris Principles endorsed by the CAR, underlines the importance of the full implementation of the child protection code, calls upon the CAR authorities to swiftly investigate alleged violations and abuses in order to fight against impunity of those responsible, to ensure that those responsible for such violations and abuses are excluded from the security sector and that all victims have access to justice as well as to medical and psychosocial support services, calls for the full and immediate implementation of action plans signed by some armed groups and for other armed groups to sign such action plans, reiterates its demands that all parties protect and consider as victims those children who have been released or otherwise separated from armed forces and armed groups, in particular by establishing standard operating procedures for the rapid handover of these children to relevant civilian child protection actors, recalls that the APPR contains several child protection provisions, urges the signatories to it to reinforce their efforts to implement those, and emphasises the need to pay particular attention to the protection, release and reintegration of all children associated with armed forces and armed groups, urging the full implementation of the 2024 Security Council Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict Conclusions on children and armed conflict in the Central African Republic (S/AC.51/2024/5);

Calls upon all parties to armed conflict in the CAR, including armed groups, to end sexual and gender-based violence, further calls upon the CAR authorities to swiftly investigate alleged violations and abuses and prosecute alleged perpetrators in order to fight against impunity of those responsible for such acts, and to take concrete, specific and time-bound steps towards implementing the UN and Government of the CAR joint communiqué to prevent and respond to sexual violence in conflict and to ensure that those responsible for such crimes are excluded from the security sector and prosecuted, and to facilitate immediate access for all victims and survivors of sexual violence to available services, including mental health and psychosocial services, and calls on the CAR Government and international partners to sustain adequate support to the Mixed Unit for Rapid Intervention and Suppression of Sexual Violence against Women and Children (UMIRR);

Demands that all parties, including armed groups, allow and facilitate, in accordance with relevant provisions of international humanitarian law and consistent with the humanitarian principles, the full, safe, rapid and unhindered access for the timely delivery of humanitarian assistance to populations in need, including to internally displaced persons, returnees and refugees;

Calls on Member States and international and regional organisations to respond swiftly to the humanitarian needs identified in the humanitarian response plan through increased contributions and to ensure that all pledges are honoured in full and in a timely manner;

Urges all parties in the CAR to cooperate fully with the deployment and activities of MINUSCA, in particular by ensuring its safety, security and freedom of movement with unhindered and immediate access throughout the territory of the CAR, including by air and at night, consistent with MINUSCA’s Status of Forces Agreement, to enable MINUSCA to carry out fully its mandate in a complex environment;

Calls upon Member States, especially those in the region, to ensure the free, unhindered and expeditious movement to and from the CAR of all personnel, as well as equipment, provisions, supplies and other goods, including vehicles and spare parts, which are for the exclusive and official use of MINUSCA;

Authorises MINUSCA to take all necessary means to carry out its mandate within its capabilities and areas of deployment;

Further authorises MINUSCA to pursue the following tasks of its mandate, working in close coordination with the United Nations Country Team, bearing in mind that these tasks as well as those in paragraph 33 above are mutually reinforcing:

Further authorises MINUSCA to carry out the following additional tasks:

Requests MINUSCA to actively seize, record, dispose of, and destroy, as appropriate, weapons and ammunitions of disarmed combatants and armed groups who refuse or fail to lay down their arms and present an imminent threat to civilians or the stability of the State, in keeping with its efforts to seize and collect arms and any related material the supply, sale or transfer of which violate the measures imposed by paragraph 2 of resolution 2745 (2024) as extended by resolution 2789 (2025);

Requests the Secretary-General to deploy and allocate personnel and expertise within MINUSCA to reflect the priorities identified by paragraph 33 to paragraph 35 of this resolution, and to continuously adjust this deployment according to the progresses made in the implementation of this mandate;

Requests troop and police contributing countries to implement relevant provisions of resolution 2538 (2020), notes the potential adverse effects on mandate implementation of national caveats which have not been declared and accepted by the Secretary-General prior to deployment, highlights that lack of effective command and control, refusal to obey orders, failure to respond to attacks on civilians, declining to participate in or undertake patrols may adversely affect the shared responsibility for effective mandate implementation, and calls on Member States to declare all national caveats, prior to the contingent deployment, provide troops and police with the minimum of declared caveats, and to fully and effectively implement the provisions of the Memoranda of Understanding (MoU) signed with the United Nations;

Requests the Secretary-General, Member States, and the CAR Government to continue to take all appropriate measures to ensure the safety, security and freedom of movement of MINUSCA’s personnel with unhindered and immediate access throughout the CAR, in line with resolution 2518 (2020), including by authorising night flights and the use of all capabilities available to the Mission, notes with concern the grave risks violations of the Status of Forces Agreement can present to the safety and security of United Nations personnel serving in peacekeeping operations, encourages continued efforts to improve dialogue, communication and coordination between the CAR Government and MINUSCA, including on the implementation of the Status of Forces Agreement and security coordination, and to strengthen established coordination mechanisms, and requests the Secretary-General to implement the provisions of resolution 2589 (2021) for establishing accountability for crimes against peacekeepers;

Requests the Secretary-General to fully implement the capacities and existing obligations mentioned in paragraph 43 of resolution 2659 (2022) in the planning and conduct of MINUSCA’s operations;

Requests MINUSCA to continue implementing Youth, Peace and Security resolutions 2250 (2015), 2419 (2018) and 2535 (2020);

Urges troop- and police-contributing countries to continue taking appropriate action to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse, including vetting of all personnel, predeployment and in-mission awareness training, to ensure full accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel, including through timely investigations of all allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse by troop- and police-contributing countries to hold perpetrators accountable, to repatriate units when there is credible evidence of widespread or systemic sexual exploitation and abuse by those units, and to report to the United Nations fully and promptly on actions undertaken, reiterates the need for MINUSCA to ensure full implementation of the United Nations zero-tolerance policy on serious misconduct, sexual exploitation and abuse, and sexual harassment, and all actions under resolution 2272 (2016), to conduct swift investigations and to report to the Security Council if such cases of misconduct occur;

Requests MINUSCA to consider the environmental impacts of its operations when fulfilling its mandated tasks and, in this context, to manage them as appropriate and in accordance with applicable and relevant General Assembly resolutions and United Nations rules and regulations, and notes in this regard the United Nations Department of Operational Support’s Strategy “Way Forward: Environment Strategy for Peace Operations 2023–2030”;

Encourages the Secretary-General to implement and continuously update the United Nations Sustainable Development Coordination Framework (UNSDCF) setting the United Nations’ overall vision, joint priorities and internal division of labour to sustain peace in CAR, including enhanced coordination with donors, requests the Secretary-General to ensure an efficient division of tasks and complementarity of efforts between MINUSCA and the entities comprising the UNCT based on their mandates and comparative advantages as well as to continuously adjust their deployment according to the progress made in the implementation of MINUSCA’s mandate and to avoid duplications, while stressing the importance of adequate resources and capacity for the UNCT, underscores the critical nature of enhanced UNCT presence and activity in CAR to facilitate integration across the UN system and peacebuilding and sustainable development, requests the framework to also include early, inclusive and integrated planning on transitions in line with resolution 2594 (2021), and calls on Member States and relevant organisations to consider providing voluntary funding to this end;

Requests MINUSCA to take fully into account child protection as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the CAR Government in ensuring that the protection of children’s rights is taken into account, inter alia, in the DDRR and SSR processes, including through quality education provided in a safe environment in conflict areas, in order to end and prevent violations and abuses against children and continue to ensure the effectiveness of the monitoring and reporting mechanism on the children and armed conflict in the CAR and of the Child Protection Section of the MINUSCA;

Requests MINUSCA to continue strengthening its sexual and gender-based violence prevention and response activities in line with resolution 2467 (2019), including by assisting the parties with activities consistent with this resolution, and to take fully into account gender mainstreaming as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate, prioritizing the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), resolution 2538 (2020) and all resolutions addressing Women, Peace, and Security, and to assist the CAR Government in ensuring the full, equal, meaningful and safe participation, involvement and representation of women, including victims and survivors of sexual violence, in all spheres and at all levels, including in the political and reconciliation process and the mechanisms established for the implementation of the APPR, stabilisation activities, transitional justice, the work of the SCC and of the Truth, Justice, Reparation and Reconciliation Commission, SSR and DDRR processes, the preparation and holding of the local elections through, inter alia, the provision of gender advisers, and requests troop- and police-contributing countries to implement relevant provisions of resolution 2538 (2020) and all other relevant resolutions on reducing barriers to and increasing women’s participation at all levels and in all positions in peacekeeping;

Requests the Secretary-General to provide integrated, evidence-based and data-driven analysis, strategic assessments and advice to the Security Council, using the data collected and analysed through the Comprehensive Planning and Performance Assessment System (CPAS) and other strategic planning and performance measurement tools to describe the mission’s impact, to facilitate as necessary a re-evaluation of the mission composition and mandate based on realities on the ground, to ensure effectiveness of the mission, encourages MINUSCA to initiate discussions with the Government of the CAR, following the successful completion of the electoral process scheduled in 2025 and 2026, on its priorities and the opportunity, feasibility, process, sequencing, and timeline of an eventual handover of tasks taking into account the national ownership of the transition process, and requests the Secretary-General to provide the Council by 15 September 2026, based on these discussions, a report detailing (i) MINUSCA’s plans for consolidating efforts for an eventual handover of tasks to the CAR Government or UN Country Team, (ii) MINUSCA’s progress in transitioning tasks to the CAR Government or UN Country Team, (iii) MINUSCA’s plans for transition and drawdown, in a manner which does not prejudice overall efforts to support long term objectives for peace and stability, (iv) the CAR Government priorities and the opportunity and feasibility for an eventual handover of tasks, and (v) MINUSCA’s plans to expeditiously sunset the electoral division following the successful completion of the electoral process scheduled in 2025 and 2026;

Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council on 15 February 2026, 15 June 2026 and 13 October 2026 on the progress in implementing MINUSCA’s mandate, including the logistical support provided to CAR defence and security forces in line with paragraph 33 (b) of this resolution and efforts towards compliance with the Status of Forces Agreement, as well as on the situation in the CAR, including on all elements set out in paragraph 58 (a) of resolution 2659 (2022);