Security Council Resolution 2149 (2014) [on Establishment of the Un Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (Minusca) Until 30 Apr. 2015]

S/RES/2149 (2014)View PDF

Who adopted this document and its mandates?

A Resolution of the Security Council, under agenda item 227 The situation in the Central African Republic, published in 2014.

Which reports were submitted under this mandate?

3 reports · 2014–2015

Year	Symbol	Title	Mandate resolution
2015	S/2015/227	Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in the Central African Republic	S/RES/2149 (2014)
2014	S/2014/857	Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in the Central African Republic	S/RES/2149 (2014)
2014	S/2014/562	Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in the Central African Republic	S/RES/2149 (2014)

What subjects does this mandate have?

9 subjects

Central African Republic Disarmament Human Rights in Armed Conflicts Humanitarian Assistance Internal Security Military Demobilization Peacekeeping Operations Political Conditions Social Integration

What’s in this document?

80 operative paragraphs

Political process

Welcomes the designation by the National Transitional Council, on 20 January 2014, of Catherine Samba-Panza as the new Transitional Head of State, the appointment of Andre Nzapayeke as Transitional Prime Minister, and the formation of a Transitional Government;

Welcomes the important role of the region through the active leadership of the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), in particular the mediation by the Congo, in convening government leaders, members of the National Transition Council, and representatives of civil society from the CAR for discussions hosted by the Government of Chad, in its capacity as chair of ECCAS, in N’Djamena on 9 and 10 January 2014, on the political transition in CAR, and during which the then leaders of the transitional government resigned, and encourages ECCAS, through its Chairperson and its Mediator to continue to play the role expected of it in the international support to the political process in the CAR;

Reiterates its support for the Libreville Agreements of 11 January 2013, the N’Djamena Declaration of 18 April 2013 and the Constitutional Charter for the Transition of 18 July 2013;

Commends the initial measures taken by the AU and the ECCAS to restore peace and stability in the CAR;

Underlines the importance of preserving the unity and territorial integrity of the CAR;

Demands that all militias and armed groups put aside their arms, cease all forms of violence and destabilizing activities immediately and release children from their ranks;

Welcomes the Secretary-General’s call for the revitalization and acceleration of the political and reconciliation process in order to lay the ground for an end to the conflict, in this regard calls on the Transitional Authorities to demonstrate their commitment to this process and to take concrete steps in this regard and further underlines the importance of civil society in the revitalization of these processes;

Urges in this regard the Transitional Authorities to accelerate the preparations in order to hold free, fair, transparent and inclusive presidential and legislative elections no later than February 2015 and to swiftly initiate the significant preparations and concrete measures necessary in this regard, including the urgent convening of a Conciliation framework in line with the communiqué of the ECCAS summit of January 2014, the launching of an inclusive political dialogue on the electoral framework and the completion of the technical and legal framework, and emphasizes that elections should include IDPs and CAR refugees, the return of whom should be an important objective;

Further calls on Member States, international and regional organizations to provide rapid and tangible support to the Transitional Authorities of the CAR including contributions for the payment of salaries and other needs of the Transitional Authorities of the CAR;

Encourages the Transitional Authorities with the support of key members of the International Contact Group to take immediate measures to revitalize the political process by agreeing on certain key parameters, which could include the possible creation of an international mechanism which would include key stakeholders, including the AU, ECCAS, the United Nations and the EU, as well as the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) as appropriate, to accompany the transition while respecting the sovereignty of the CAR, and requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council on progress taken in this regard;

Encourages the Transitional Authorities, with the support of the international community, in particular with IFIs leading international efforts, to establish, based on critical peace and State building goals, mechanisms to strengthen public financial management and accountability, including revenue collection, expenditure controls, public procurement and concession practices building on relevant international experiences and in a manner that fosters national ownership and respects the sovereignty of the CAR;

Reiterates that all perpetrators of violations of international humanitarian law and human rights violations and abuses must be held accountable and that some of those acts may amount to crimes under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC), to which the CAR is a State party, recalls the statements made by the Prosecutor of the ICC on 7 August 2013 and 9 December 2013, notes further the opening of a preliminary examination by the Prosecutor of the ICC on alleged crimes committed in the CAR since September 2012, and welcomes the cooperation by the Transitional authorities in this regard;

Calls upon all parties to armed conflict in the CAR, including former Seleka elements and anti-Balaka elements, to issue clear orders prohibiting all violations and abuses committed against children, in violation of applicable international law, including those involving their recruitment and use, rape and sexual violence, killing and maiming, abductions and attacks on schools and hospitals and further calls upon the Transitional Authorities to make and implement specific commitments on timely investigation of alleged violations and abuses in order to hold perpetrators accountable and to ensure that those responsible for such violations and abuses are excluded from the security sector;

Reiterates its demands that all parties protect and consider as victims those children who have been released or otherwise separated from armed forces and armed groups, and emphasizes the need to pay particular attention to the protection, release and reintegration of all children associated with armed forces and armed groups;

Calls upon all parties to armed conflict in the CAR, including former Seleka and anti-Balaka elements, to issue clear orders against sexual and gender based violence, and further calls upon the Transitional Authorities to make and implement specific commitments on timely investigation of alleged abuses in order to hold perpetrators accountable, in line with its resolutions 1960 (2010) and 2106 (2013), and to facilitate immediate access for victims of sexual violence to available services;

Transition to a PKO

Notes the call made by the Secretary-General in favour of increased support to MISCA, in particular increased capacity for air and ground mobility, information and communication systems, intelligence capacity, medical facilities and logistics supply and sustainment, including the urgent provision of vital enablers, and in favour of continued improvement of command and control mechanisms of international forces operating in the CAR;

Welcomes the Secretary-General’s call for an increase in the number of troops on the ground and in this regard welcomes the announcement by the Government of France on 14 February 2014 to increase the number of French troops and their subsequent deployment, the decision taken by the AU PSC on 21 March 2014 to authorize the deployment of additional police personnel and specialized capabilities and the steps being taken for the early implementation of this decision as well as the contributions made by Member States of the European Union, which have resulted in the decision of the Council of the European Union held on 1 April 2014 to launch EUFOR RCA;

PKO

Decides to establish the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) as of the date of adoption of this resolution and for an initial period until 30 April 2015;

Requests the Secretary-General to subsume the presence of the United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in the Central African Republic (BINUCA) into MINUSCA as of the date of the adoption of this resolution and to ensure a seamless transition from BINUCA to MINUSCA;

Decides that, as from 15 September 2014, MINUSCA will initially comprise up to 10,000 military personnel, including 240 military observers and 200 staff officers and 1,800 police personnel, including 1,400 formed police unit personnel and 400 individual police officers, and 20 corrections officers, calls upon Member States to provide troops and police with adequate capabilities and equipment in order to enhance the capacity of MINUSCA to operate and discharge its responsibilities effectively and requests the Secretary-General to recruit qualified staff, who have the competencies, education, work experience and language skills appropriate to the tasks defined under applicable competency areas in paragraphs 30 and 31 below, bearing in mind the need to convey information and provide technical assistance in the most accessible manner to the desired audience;

Further decides that the transfer of authority from MISCA to MINUSCA will take place on 15 September 2014 and that, in the period from the adoption of this resolution to this transfer of authority, MINUSCA will implement the tasks mandated in paragraphs 30 and 31 below through its civilian component, while MISCA will continue to implement its tasks as mandated by resolution 2127 (2013) and that, on 15 September 2014, MINUSCA shall commence the immediate implementation, through its military and police components, of the tasks mandated in paragraphs 30 and 31 below;

Requests the Secretary-General to include in MINUSCA as many MISCA military and police personnel as possible and in line with United Nations standards, in close coordination with the AU and ECCAS and as of 15 September 2014, in accordance with the Secretary-General’s Policy on human rights screening of United Nations personnel;

Authorizes the Secretary-General, without prejudice to paragraph 21 above, to deploy to MINUSCA before 15 September 2014 military enablers, including military enablers transferred from other, downsizing peacekeeping operations and through intermission cooperation, as may be necessary in order to stand up MINUSCA’s military and police components and enable them to immediately commence the discharge of their mandated tasks on 15 September 2014 and further requests the Secretary-General to contract enablers to the same effect;

Requests the Secretary-General to take all possible steps, including through the full use of existing authorities and at his discretion, to accelerate the deployments of MINUSCA’s civilian and military capabilities in the CAR, in order to best respond to the Council’s expectations and the needs of the CAR population and requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary steps to have MINUSCA ready to commence its activities;

Requests the Secretary-General to transfer the Guard Unit, in line with its original mandate approved by the letter of the President of the Security Council dated 29 October 2013, from BINUCA to MINUSCA from the date of adoption of this resolution until 15 September 2014, and decides that as of the date of the adoption of this resolution until 15 September 2014, the mandate of the Guard Unit as approved in that letter shall remain unchanged;

Requests the Secretary-General, in close coordination with the AU, to deploy a transition team to set up MINUSCA and prepare the seamless transition of authority from MISCA to MINUSCA by 15 September 2014 and to take necessary steps to prepare and position MISCA, as soon as possible, for its re-hatting to a United Nations Peacekeeping operation;

Requests the Secretary-General, after a joint mission with the AU, to update the Security Council no later than 15 August 2014 on the state of preparation for a seamless transition of authority from MISCA to MINUSCA by 15 September 2014;

Requests the Secretary-General to appoint a Special Representative for the Central African Republic and Head of Mission of MINUSCA, who shall, from the date of appointment, assume overall authority on the ground for the coordination of all activities of the United Nations system in the Central African Republic;

Authorizes MINUSCA to take all necessary means to carry out its mandate, within its capabilities and its areas of deployment;

Decides that the mandate of MINUSCA shall initially focus on the following priority tasks:

Protection of civilians

To protect, without prejudice to the primary responsibility of the Central African Republic authorities, the civilian population from threat of physical violence, within its capabilities and areas of deployment, including through active patrolling;

To provide specific protection for women and children affected by armed conflict, including through the deployment of Child Protection Advisers and Women Protection Advisers;

iii

To identify and record threats and attacks against the civilian population, including through regular interaction with the civilian population and working closely with humanitarian and human rights organizations;

To design, implement and deliver, in close consultation with humanitarian and human rights organizations and other relevant partners, a mission-wide protection strategy;

Support for the implementation of the transition process, including efforts in favour of the extension of State authority and preservation of territorial integrity

To take a leading role in international efforts to assist the Transitional Authorities working with ECCAS, the African Union, relevant stakeholders and the international community to devise, facilitate, coordinate and provide technical assistance to the political transition and electoral processes;

To provide good offices and political support for the efforts to address root causes of the conflict and establish lasting peace and security in the CAR;

iii

To provide appropriate support, in coordination with the Transitional Authorities, and based on the risks on the ground, for the provision of security for key national stakeholders, including members of the Transitional Government;

To assist the Transitional Authorities in mediation and reconciliation processes at both the national and local levels, working with relevant regional and local bodies and religious leaders, including through inclusive national dialogue, transitional justice and conflict-resolution mechanisms, while ensuring the full and effective participation of women;

To devise, facilitate and provide technical assistance to the electoral process and make all necessary preparations, in support of the Transitional Authorities and working on an urgent basis with the National Electoral Authority, for the holding of free, fair, transparent and inclusive elections, including the full and effective participation of women at all levels and at an early stage, and the participation of CAR IDPs and refugees no later than February 2015,

To promote and support the rapid extension of State authority;

Facilitate the immediate, full, safe and unhindered delivery of humanitarian assistance

To contribute, including through effective civil-military coordination and in close coordination with humanitarian actors, to the creation of a secure environment for the immediate, full, safe and unhindered, civilian-led delivery of humanitarian assistance, in accordance with United Nations guiding humanitarian principles and relevant provisions of international law, and for the voluntary safe, dignified and sustainable return of internally displaced persons and refugees in close coordination with humanitarian actors;

Protection of the United Nations

To protect the United Nations personnel, installations, equipment and goods and ensure the security and freedom of movement of United Nations and associated personnel;

Promotion and protection of human rights

To monitor, help investigate and report publicly and to the Security Council on violations of international humanitarian law and on abuses and violations of human rights committed throughout the CAR, in particular by different armed groups, including the former Seleka and the anti-Balaka, and to contribute to efforts to identify and prosecute perpetrators, and to prevent such violations and abuses, including through the deployment of human rights observers;

To monitor, help investigate and report specifically on violations and abuses committed against children as well as violations committed against women, including all forms of sexual violence in armed conflict, and to contribute to efforts to identify and prosecute perpetrators, and to prevent such violations and abuses;

iii

To support the International Commission of Inquiry and the implementation of its recommendations;

To assist the CAR authorities in the effort to protect and promote human rights;

Support for national and international justice and the rule of law

To support and work with the Transitional Authorities to arrest and bring to justice those responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity in the country, including through cooperation with States of the region and the ICC;

To help build the capacities, including through technical assistance, of the national judicial system, and of the national human rights institutions and assist with national reconciliation efforts, coordinating with the Independent Expert as appropriate;

iii

To provide support and to coordinate international assistance to the police, justice and correctional institutions to reinstate the criminal justice system, within the framework of the United Nations global focal point on rule of law, including through assistance in the maintenance of public safety and basic law and order, in a manner that emphasizes civilian oversight, impartiality and the protection of human rights and to support the restoration and maintenance of public safety and the rule of law including through the presence and assistance of United Nations police authorized in paragraph 20 above;

Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration (DDR) and Repatriation (DDRR)

– To support the Transitional Authorities in developing and implementing a revised strategy for the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) and Repatriation (DDRR) of former combatants and armed elements to reflect new realities on the ground, while paying specific attention to the needs of children associated with armed forces and groups, and support for the repatriation of foreign elements;

– To support the Transitional Authorities in developing and implementing community violence reduction programmes;

– To regroup and canton combatants and confiscate and destroy, as appropriate, the weapons and ammunition of elements of personnel who refuse or fail to lay down their arms;

Further decides that the mandate of MINUSCA shall include the following additional tasks as conditions permit and requests the Secretariat to begin planning for these tasks:

support to security sector reform and vetting processes, including through the provision of strategic policy advice and coordination of technical assistance and training;

coordinate international assistance as appropriate;

assist the Committee established pursuant to paragraph 57 of resolution 2127 (2013) and the Panel of Experts established by the same resolution, within its capabilities, including by passing information relevant to the implementation of the mandate of the Committee and Panel of Experts;

monitor the implementation of the measures imposed by paragraph 54 of resolution 2127 (2013), in cooperation with the Panel of Experts established pursuant to resolution 2127 (2013), including by inspecting, as it deems necessary and when appropriate without notice, all arms and related materiel regardless of location and advise the Transitional Authorities on efforts to keep armed groups from exploiting natural resources;

seize and collect arms and any related materiel the transfer of which into the CAR violates the measures imposed by paragraph 54 of resolution 2127 (2013) and to record and dispose of such arms and related materiel as appropriate;

Requests MINUSCA to coordinate its operations with those of the African Union Regional Task Force on the Lord’s Resistance Army and requests MINUSCA to share relevant information with the Regional Task Force and with non-governmental organizations involved in tackling the threat of the LRA;

Calls upon the Transitional Authorities and international partners and relevant United Nations entities, in coordination with MINUSCA, to address the illicit transfer, destabilizing accumulation, and misuse of small arms and light weapons in the CAR, and to ensure the safe and effective management, storage and security of stockpiles of small arms and light weapons, and the collection and/or destruction of surplus, seized, unmarked, or illicitly held weapons and ammunition, and further stresses the importance of incorporating such elements into SSR and DDR/R programmes;

Requests MINUSCA to take fully into account child protection as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the Transitional Authorities in ensuring that the protection of children’s rights is taken into account, inter alia, in DDR and DDRR processes and in security sector reform in order to end and prevent violations and abuses against children;

Requests MINUSCA to take fully into account gender considerations as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the Government of the CAR in ensuring the full and effective participation, involvement and representation of women in all spheres and at all levels, including in stabilization activities, security sector reform and DDR and DDRR processes, as well as in the national political dialogue and electoral processes, through, inter alia, the provision of gender advisers, and further requests enhanced reporting by MINUSCA to the Council on this issue;

Requests MINUSCA, within its existing resources and mandate, to assist the political efforts of the AU and ECCAS to ECCAS to support the transition process, following the transfer of authority from MISCA to MINUSCA;

Decides that MISCA, MINUSCA, EUFOR RCA, the AU-RTF and the French forces operating in the CAR are exempt from the measures imposed in paragraph 54 of resolution 2127 (2013) for the implementation of their mandates and requests these forces to report on measures taken in this regard as part of their regular reports to the Council;

Requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to ensure full compliance of MINUSCA with the United Nations zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuses and to keep the Council informed if cases of misconduct occur, and notes the relevance of the guidance on contacts with persons who are the subject of arrest warrants or summonses issued by the International Criminal Court;

Requests MINUSCA to ensure that any support provided to non-United Nations security forces is provided in strict compliance with the Human Rights Due Diligence Policy on United Nations support to non-United Nations security forces (HRDDP), and requests the Secretary-General to include information on any such support in his reports to the Council;

Decides that MINUSCA may, within the limits of its capacities and areas of deployment, at the formal request of the Transitional Authorities and in areas where national security forces are not present or operational, adopt urgent temporary measures on an exceptional basis and without creating a precedent and without prejudice to the agreed principles of peacekeeping operations, which are limited in scope, time bound and consistent with the objectives set forth in paragraphs 30 (a) and 30 (f) above, to maintain basic law and order and fight impunity and requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council any measures that may be adopted on this basis;

Requests the Secretary-General and the Transitional Authorities of the Central African Republic to conclude, within 30 days of the adoption of this resolution, a status-of-forces agreement with regard to MINUSCA, taking into consideration General Assembly resolution 58/82 on the scope of legal protection under the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel, and decides that, pending the conclusion of such an agreement, the model status-of-forces agreement dated 9 October 1990 (A/45/594) shall apply provisionally;

Emphasizes the need for MISCA, EUFOR RCA and the French forces operating in the CAR, while carrying out their mandate, to act in full respect of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and unity of CAR and in full compliance with applicable international humanitarian law, human rights law and refugee law and recalls the importance of training in this regard;

MINUSCA Freedom of movement

Urges all parties in the CAR to cooperate fully with the deployment and activities of MINUSCA, in particular by ensuring its safety, security and freedom of movement with unhindered and immediate access throughout the territory of the Central African Republic to enable MINUSCA to carry out fully its mandate;

Calls upon Member States, especially those in the region, to ensure the free, unhindered and expeditious movement to and from the CAR of all personnel, as well as equipment, provisions, supplies and other goods, including vehicles and spare parts, which are for the exclusive and official use of MINUSCA;

Humanitarian access

Demands that all parties allow and facilitate the full, safe, immediate and unhindered access for the timely delivery of humanitarian assistance to populations in need, in particular to internally displaced persons, throughout the territory of the CAR, in accordance with the United Nations guiding principles of humanitarian assistance and relevant provisions of international law;

Humanitarian appeal

Welcomes the Humanitarian appeal, regrets its insufficient current funding, and calls on Member States and international and regional organizations to respond swiftly to this appeal through increased contributions and to ensure that all pledges are honoured in full;

French Forces

Authorizes French forces, within the limits of their capacities and areas of deployment, from the commencement of the activities of MINUSCA until the end of MINUSCA’s mandate as authorized in this resolution, to use all necessary means to provide operational support to elements of MINUSCA from the date of adoption of this resolution, at the request of the Secretary-General and requests France to report to the Council on the implementation of this mandate as of 15 September 2014 and to coordinate its reporting with that of the Secretary-General referred to in paragraph 40 of this resolution;

Reporting

Recalls its presidential statement of 5 August 2009 by which the Security Council requested that where a new peacekeeping mission is proposed, or where significant change to a mandate is envisaged, an estimate of the resource implications for the Mission be provided to the Security Council;

Welcomes the Secretary-General’s recommendation that the objectives and priorities of a United Nations operation, and hence its configuration, activities and related resources, should be adjusted over time to the situation on the ground and requests in this regard the Secretary-General, in his first report to the Council, to update the Council on the Mission Concept, including a concept of operations and benchmarks for the sequencing of the mandate, and on an exit strategy, which will be developed following the adoption of this resolution, including by providing the necessary financial information, and the implementation of which will be monitored by the Council;

Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council regularly informed of the situation in the Central African Republic and the implementation of the mandate of MINUSCA, to report to the Council, on 1 August 2014, and then every four months from that date and to include in his reports to the Council updates on and recommendations related to the dynamic implementation MINUSCA’s mandated tasks, including by providing appropriate financial information, information on the security situation, the priority political elements as defined above on political progress, progress on mechanisms and capacity to advance governance and fiscal management, relevant information on the progress, promotion and protection of human rights and international humanitarian law as well as a review of the troop and police levels, force and police generation and deployment of all MINUSCA’s constituent elements;

Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.