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peoples, in particular those of developing countries, in the extensive development of international trade,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[["2205 (XXI)","https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/2205(XXI)"]],"textWithHighlights":"*Recalling* its resolution 2205 (XXI) of 17 December 1966, by which it established the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law with a mandate to further the progressive harmonization and unification of the law of international trade and in that respect to bear in mind the interests of all peoples, in particular those of developing countries, in the extensive development of international trade,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Recalling","action_verb_normalized":"recall","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"9a433c51-a80a-5c0b-b305-95f5402d85de","position":6,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Recalling also its resolution 60/21 of 23 November 2005, by which it adopted the United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts and called upon all Governments to consider becoming party to the Convention, and its resolutions 51/162 of 16 December 1996, 56/80 of 12 December 2001 and 72/114 of 7 December 2017, in which it recommended that all States give favourable consideration to the Model Law on Electronic Commerce, the Model Law on Electronic Signatures and the Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records of the Commission, respectively,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[["60/21","https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/60/21"],["51/162","https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/51/162"],["56/80","https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/56/80"],["72/114","https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/72/114"]],"textWithHighlights":"*Recalling* also its resolution 60/21 of 23 November 2005, by which it adopted the United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts and called upon all Governments to consider becoming party to the Convention, and its resolutions 51/162 of 16 December 1996, 56/80 of 12 December 2001 and 72/114 of 7 December 2017, in which it recommended that all States give favourable consideration to the Model Law on Electronic Commerce, the Model Law on Electronic Signatures and the Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records of the Commission, respectively,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Recalling","action_verb_normalized":"recall","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"126e489e-9c5e-5617-8aa3-671799cf6cc8","position":7,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Mindful that the Convention, the Model Law on Electronic Commerce, the Model Law on Electronic Signatures and the Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records are of significant assistance to States in enabling and facilitating electronic commerce in international trade,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Mindful* that the Convention, the Model Law on Electronic Commerce, the Model Law on Electronic Signatures and the Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records are of significant assistance to States in enabling and facilitating electronic commerce in international trade,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Mindful","action_verb_normalized":"be mindful","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"959e9a76-1577-55c2-a37c-2b1171af49a9","position":8,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Convinced that confidence, legal certainty and predictability in electronic commerce, including across borders, will be enhanced by the harmonization of certain rules on the legal recognition of identity management and trust services on a technology-neutral basis and, when appropriate, according to the functional equivalence approach,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Convinced* that confidence, legal certainty and predictability in electronic commerce, including across borders, will be enhanced by the harmonization of certain rules on the legal recognition of identity management and trust services on a technology-neutral basis and, when appropriate, according to the functional equivalence approach,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Convinced","action_verb_normalized":"be convinced","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"8a4559ea-0beb-56b5-bf6a-81cc911e0df7","position":9,"note_ids":[1],"note_references":[{"offset":220,"note_id":1}],"text":"Recalling that, at its forty-ninth session, in 2016, the Commission mandated its Working Group IV (Electronic Commerce) to undertake work on the use and cross-border recognition of identity management and trust services,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Recalling* that, at its forty-ninth session, in 2016, the Commission mandated its Working Group IV (Electronic Commerce) to undertake work on the use and cross-border recognition of identity management and trust services,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Recalling","action_verb_normalized":"recall","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"dcc95b90-5844-5212-87eb-c184219e655e","position":10,"note_ids":[2],"note_references":[{"offset":422,"note_id":2}],"text":"Noting that the Working Group devoted 10 sessions, from 2017 to 2022, to that work, and that the Commission considered at its fifty-fifth session, in 2022, a draft model law on the use and cross-border recognition of identity management and trust services prepared by the Working Group, together with comments on the draft received from Governments and international organizations invited to sessions of the Working Group,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Noting* that the Working Group devoted 10 sessions, from 2017 to 2022, to that work, and that the Commission considered at its fifty-fifth session, in 2022, a draft model law on the use and cross-border recognition of identity management and trust services prepared by the Working Group, together with comments on the draft received from Governments and international organizations invited to sessions of the Working Group,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Noting","action_verb_normalized":"note","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"420d00d5-2394-58be-8d5d-3612b0933375","position":11,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Believing that a model law on the use and cross-border recognition of identity management and trust services will constitute a useful addition to existing Commission texts in the area of electronic commerce by assisting States in enhancing their legislation governing the use of identity management and trust services, or formulating such legislation where none currently exists, in particular with respect to cross-border aspects,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Believing* that a model law on the use and cross-border recognition of identity management and trust services will constitute a useful addition to existing Commission texts in the area of electronic commerce by assisting States in enhancing their legislation governing the use of identity management and trust services, or formulating such legislation where none currently exists, in particular with respect to cross-border aspects,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Believing","action_verb_normalized":"believe","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"42d13108-671a-51b2-9913-acac7e4429d2","position":12,"note_ids":[3],"note_references":[{"offset":211,"note_id":3}],"text":"Expresses its appreciation to the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law for completing and adopting the Model Law on the Use and Cross-border Recognition of Identity Management and Trust Services;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"1.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Expresses* its appreciation to the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law for completing and adopting the Model Law on the Use and Cross-border Recognition of Identity Management and Trust Services;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Expresses","action_verb_normalized":"appreciate","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"51f56841-9394-50bf-913a-017ba86014e7","position":13,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Requests the Secretary-General to publish the Model Law together with an explanatory note, including electronically, in the six official languages of the United Nations, and to disseminate it broadly to Governments and other interested bodies;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"2.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Requests* <<the Secretary-General>> to publish the Model Law together with an explanatory note, including electronically, in the six official languages of the United Nations, and to disseminate it broadly to Governments and other interested bodies;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Requests","action_verb_normalized":"request","action_verb_type":"directive","assignees":[{"assignee":"the Secretary-General","assignee_normalized":"Secretary-General","assignee_type":"secretary-general"}],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"b7fdc18a-7311-5ab8-b4ab-1303657b20ac","position":14,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Recommends that all States give favourable consideration to the Model Law when revising or adopting legislation relevant to identity management and trust services, and invites States that have used the Model Law to advise the Commission accordingly;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"3.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Recommends* <<that all States give favourable consideration>> to the Model Law when revising or adopting legislation relevant to identity management and trust services, and invites States that have used the Model Law to advise the Commission accordingly;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Recommends","action_verb_normalized":"recommend","action_verb_type":"directive","assignees":[{"assignee":"that all States give favourable consideration","assignee_normalized":"that all States give favourable 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States continue>> to consider becoming parties to the United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts and to give favourable consideration to the use of the Model Law on Electronic Commerce, the Model Law on Electronic Signatures and the Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records when revising or adopting legislation on electronic commerce;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"recommends","action_verb_normalized":"recommend","action_verb_type":"directive","assignees":[{"assignee":"that States continue","assignee_normalized":"that States continue","assignee_type":"unclear"}],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"5268ab8c-ec0b-5b6b-b93c-50d3b8c9c3bd","position":16,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Appeals to the relevant bodies of the United Nations system and other relevant international and regional organizations to coordinate their legal activities in the area of electronic commerce, including paperless trade facilitation, with those of the Commission, to avoid duplication of efforts and to promote efficiency, consistency and coherence in the modernization and harmonization of legislation on electronic commerce.","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"5.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Appeals* to the relevant bodies of the United Nations system and other relevant international and regional organizations to coordinate their legal activities in the area of electronic commerce, including paperless trade facilitation, with those of the Commission, to avoid duplication of efforts and to promote efficiency, consistency and coherence in the modernization and harmonization of legislation on electronic 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