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(A/49/728/Add.3)]","type":"frontmatter","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":null,"paragraph_level":null,"prefix":null,"links":[],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"9a7fcf30-0016-51cf-aa39-09704fc09a82","position":10,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Commodities","type":"title","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":null,"paragraph_level":null,"prefix":"49/104.","links":[],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"52ba17e3-1b38-5580-b39a-8743265d1fa2","position":11,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"The General Assembly,","type":"opening","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":0,"prefix":null,"links":[],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"7a068e69-1520-5703-8d04-7e530bfaff76","position":12,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Reaffirming its resolutions 45/200 of 21 December 1990, 47/185 of 22 December 1992 and 48/214 of 23 December 1993, and stressing the urgent need of their full implementation,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Reaffirming* its resolutions 45/200 of 21 December 1990, 47/185 of 22 December 1992 and 48/214 of 23 December 1993, and stressing the urgent need of their full implementation,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Reaffirming","action_verb_normalized":"reaffirm","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"85696cb3-31d3-5871-8e51-8310c254a302","position":13,"note_ids":[2],"note_references":[{"offset":47,"note_id":2}],"text":"Welcoming the importance attached in Agenda 21, adopted by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, to issues related to commodities in the context of sustainable development,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Welcoming* the importance attached in Agenda 21, adopted by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, to issues related to commodities in the context of sustainable development,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Welcoming","action_verb_normalized":"welcome","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"9e863fa1-306e-5645-9c40-a122dab03310","position":14,"note_ids":[3],"note_references":[{"offset":120,"note_id":3}],"text":"Recalling the commitments on market access made in the Final Act of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations and the importance attached therein to increased export opportunities for developing countries,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Recalling* the commitments on market access made in the Final Act of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations and the importance attached therein to increased export opportunities for developing countries,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Recalling","action_verb_normalized":"recall","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"9b9c0e4e-22ef-5c44-917c-c12d13c8a0ce","position":15,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Recognizing that in many developing countries, in particular African countries and least developed countries, the commodity sector remains the principal source of export revenues, employment, income and savings, an important field for investment and a significant contributor to the reactivation of growth and development,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Recognizing* that in many developing countries, in particular African countries and least developed countries, the commodity sector remains the principal source of export revenues, employment, income and savings, an important field for investment and a significant contributor to the reactivation of growth and development,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Recognizing","action_verb_normalized":"recognize","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"37e524d1-8a12-530a-b61b-43b90294bffc","position":16,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Noting the recent increase of some commodity prices, recognizing that this may not constitute a long-term trend and recognizing also the need for a better functioning of commodity markets and the necessity of stable and more predictable commodity prices, including avoiding excessive price fluctuations and searching for long-term solutions to commodity problems,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Noting* the recent increase of some commodity prices, recognizing that this may not constitute a long-term trend and recognizing also the need for a better functioning of commodity markets and the necessity of stable and more predictable commodity prices, including avoiding excessive price fluctuations and searching for long-term solutions to commodity problems,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Noting","action_verb_normalized":"note","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"510342f5-6bd9-5d50-b54a-0da039c01179","position":17,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Concerned about the difficulties experienced by the developing countries in financing and implementing viable diversification programmes,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Concerned* about the difficulties experienced by the developing countries in financing and implementing viable diversification programmes,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Concerned","action_verb_normalized":"be concerned","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"0c2566df-ad36-5812-b37f-6146adc27f8d","position":18,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Mindful of the need for developing countries, especially African countries and least developed countries, to diversify their economies and in particular the commodity sector, with a view to modernizing their production, distribution and marketing systems, enhancing productivity and stabilizing and increasing their export earnings in the context of the general decline of primary commodity prices,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Mindful* of the need for developing countries, especially African countries and least developed countries, to diversify their economies and in particular the commodity sector, with a view to modernizing their production, distribution and marketing systems, enhancing productivity and stabilizing and increasing their export earnings in the context of the general decline of primary commodity prices,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Mindful","action_verb_normalized":"be 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sectors and actions required to develop such linkages in the context of diversification;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Takes note","action_verb_normalized":"take note","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"a51f540e-fe6d-5412-aa9a-4bd9e107b75b","position":20,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Emphasizes the need for developing countries that are heavily dependent on primary commodities to continue to promote a domestic policy and an institutional environment that encourage diversification and enhance competitiveness;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"2.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Emphasizes* the need for developing countries that are heavily dependent on primary commodities to continue to promote a domestic policy and an institutional environment that encourage diversification and enhance competitiveness;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Emphasizes","action_verb_normalized":"emphasize","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"65579ce8-5692-51f1-960c-8d213bcd0f14","position":21,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Expresses the urgent need for supportive international policies to improve the functioning of commodity markets through efficient and transparent price formation mechanisms, including commodity exchanges, and through the use of commodity price risk management instruments;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"3.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Expresses* the urgent need for supportive international policies to improve the functioning of commodity markets through efficient and transparent price formation mechanisms, including commodity exchanges, and through the use of commodity price risk management instruments;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Expresses","action_verb_normalized":"express","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"9c51eb87-2316-587c-bdc0-387065a63ba9","position":22,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Notes the need expressed by developing countries, in particular the commodity-dependent developing countries, for stable and more predictable commodity prices;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"4.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Notes* the need expressed by developing countries, in particular the commodity-dependent developing countries, for stable and more predictable commodity prices;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Notes","action_verb_normalized":"note","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"f7f1233f-b7ad-5c8d-b5cc-624b6fa167ea","position":23,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Stresses the importance of commodity diversification as a means to increase export revenues of developing countries and to improve their competitiveness in the face of the persistent instability in the prices of some primary commodities and the general deterioration in the terms of trade;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"5.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Stresses* the importance of commodity diversification as a means to increase export revenues of developing countries and to improve their competitiveness in the face of the persistent instability in the prices of some primary commodities and the general deterioration in the terms of trade;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Stresses","action_verb_normalized":"stress","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"0bf4dadc-d977-54c3-a134-430b9809a054","position":24,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Urges developed countries to continue to support the commodity diversification efforts of developing countries, especially African countries, inter alia, by providing technical and financial assistance for the preparatory phase of their commodity diversification programmes;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"6.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Urges* <<developed countries>> to continue to support the commodity diversification efforts of developing countries, especially African countries, inter alia, by providing technical and financial assistance for the preparatory phase of their commodity diversification programmes;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Urges","action_verb_normalized":"urge","action_verb_type":"directive","assignees":[{"assignee":"developed countries","assignee_normalized":"developed countries","assignee_type":"unclear"}],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"19920b46-f835-555f-ae74-a17791418538","position":25,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Reiterates the importance of maximizing the contribution of the commodity sector to economic growth and sustainable development in commodity-dependent developing countries, and in this respect stresses, inter alia, that:","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"7.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Reiterates* the importance of maximizing the contribution of the commodity sector to economic growth and sustainable development in commodity-dependent developing countries, and in this respect stresses, inter alia, that:","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Reiterates","action_verb_normalized":"reiterate","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"56020477-cb06-59d5-b8bd-570f6ab0bd15","position":26,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"An appropriate domestic environment and favourable international environment are critical for successful diversification and the creation of developmental linkages between the commodity sector and other sectors of the economy, as well as for the availability of market outlets;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":2,"prefix":"(a)","links":[],"mandates":[{"action_verb":"Reiterates","action_verb_normalized":"reiterate","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"c9a9da34-13eb-5de0-be96-2005cc50d501","position":27,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Trade-distorting policies and practices, including tariff and non-tariff barriers, tariff escalation and obstacles to competition, have a negative effect on the ability of developing countries to diversify their exports and to undertake the requisite restructuring of their commodity sector;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":2,"prefix":"(b)","links":[],"mandates":[{"action_verb":"Reiterates","action_verb_normalized":"reiterate","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"e8e23e42-1f1a-5a8a-9489-7ec2825560c5","position":28,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Expansion of South-South trade in commodities offers opportunities for intersectoral linkages within and among exporting countries;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":2,"prefix":"(c)","links":[],"mandates":[{"action_verb":"Reiterates","action_verb_normalized":"reiterate","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"ac5577e0-1cf4-57d7-bc4b-19ddbd31fc71","position":29,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"There is a need to promote research and development, to provide infrastructure and support services and to encourage investment, including joint ventures in developing countries engaged in the commodity and commodity-processing sectors;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":2,"prefix":"(d)","links":[],"mandates":[{"action_verb":"Reiterates","action_verb_normalized":"reiterate","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"c014d6bc-9934-56d4-912a-0e3b1476993f","position":30,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Emphasizes the importance for developing countries to process a significant part of their commodities, and in this regard stresses the need for new market opportunities for their processed and semi-processed commodities;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"8.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Emphasizes* the importance for developing countries to process a significant part of their commodities, and in this regard stresses the need for new market opportunities for their processed and semi-processed commodities;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Emphasizes","action_verb_normalized":"emphasize","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"1fd5ed1d-2ea9-546a-97b4-67a5690ff73d","position":31,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Expresses the need for the full implementation of the Uruguay Round agreement, taking into account the special and differential treatment agreed for developing countries, including the provisions envisaged for African countries and the least developed countries;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"9.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Expresses* the need for the full implementation of the Uruguay Round agreement, taking into account the special and differential treatment agreed for developing countries, including the provisions envisaged for African countries and the least developed countries;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Expresses","action_verb_normalized":"express","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"13174903-e563-5bfe-97e8-8c0b5207cd54","position":32,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Welcomes the work being done by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development on the impact of the results of the Uruguay Round on individual commodities of particular interest to developing countries and invites the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development to intensify this exercise in close collaboration with the executive secretaries of the regional commissions and other concerned organizations;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"10.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Welcomes* the work being done by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development on the impact of the results of the Uruguay Round on individual commodities of particular interest to developing countries and invites the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development to intensify this exercise in close collaboration with the executive secretaries of the regional commissions and other concerned organizations;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Welcomes","action_verb_normalized":"welcome","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"07c454f1-6995-56aa-bbdf-872fca9f11c9","position":33,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Notes with appreciation the work under way by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in assessing the impact of the Uruguay Round on agricultural commodity markets, and encourages the Organization to pursue its work and to inform the General Assembly of its findings;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"11.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Notes* with appreciation the work under way by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in assessing the impact of the Uruguay Round on agricultural commodity markets, and encourages the Organization to pursue its work and to inform the General Assembly of its findings;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Notes","action_verb_normalized":"note","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"58bcff02-69df-5116-a373-5bcdbceeac2f","position":34,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Urges producers and consumers of individual commodities to intensify their efforts aimed at reinforcing mutual cooperation and assistance;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"12.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Urges* <<producers and consumers of individual commodities>> to intensify their efforts aimed at reinforcing mutual cooperation and assistance;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Urges","action_verb_normalized":"urge","action_verb_type":"directive","assignees":[{"assignee":"producers and consumers of individual 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mineral resources, and urges that efforts be made to mobilize financial resources to allow the Conference, in close collaboration with the regional commissions, to expand its technical assistance to developing countries in that area;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Welcomes","action_verb_normalized":"welcome","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"95b678b3-f52e-5457-add8-e08f97fd655c","position":36,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Also welcomes the decision of the Standing Committee on Commodities of the Trade and Development Board, urging the secretariat of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development to continue its work on commodity risk management, particularly in relation to developing countries;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"14.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"Also *welcomes* the decision of the Standing Committee on Commodities of the Trade and Development Board, urging the secretariat of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development to continue its work on commodity risk management, particularly in relation to developing countries;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"welcomes","action_verb_normalized":"welcome","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"1b89ba45-251f-5c24-99c8-3b551ecf5b0f","position":37,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Stresses the importance of improving the competitiveness of natural products with environmental advantages and the impact that this could have on promoting sustainable 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