There will never be any justification or pardon for statesmen who take the decision to be the first to use nuclear weapons.
3
Any doctrines allowing the first use of nuclear weapons and any actions pushing the world towards a catastrophe are incompatible with human moral standards and the lofty ideals of the United Nations.
4
It is the supreme duty and direct obligation of the leaders of nuclear-weapon States to act in such a way as to eliminate the risk of the outbreak of a nuclear conflict.
The nuclear-arms race must be stopped and reversed by joint efforts, through negotiations conducted in good faith and on the basis of equality, having as their ultimate goal the complete elimination of nuclear weapons.
III.
Nuclear energy should be used exclusively for peaceful purposes and only for the benefit of mankind.
84 A/36/431.
The study was subsequently issued with the title Studv on Israeli Nuclear Armament (United Nations publication, Sales No.
" Official Records of th,· General Assembly, Thirtv-sixth Session, An- E.82.IX.2).
