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2020","type":"frontmatter","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":null,"paragraph_level":null,"prefix":null,"links":[],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"660e60c4-f73b-506b-a511-8f3d93b898f5","position":7,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Situation of human rights in the Syrian Arab Republic","type":"title","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":null,"paragraph_level":null,"prefix":"45/21.","links":[],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"db56eb71-64c3-501f-ac99-65c66f2a4925","position":8,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"The Human Rights Council,","type":"opening","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":0,"prefix":null,"links":[],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"42515bd5-ef43-5226-a18a-b98d5a3f8f8b","position":9,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Guided by the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Guided* by the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Guided","action_verb_normalized":"guided by","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"f0e34add-6847-58f8-a984-1a5e1e7c15f0","position":10,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Reaffirming its previous resolutions on the Syrian Arab Republic,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Reaffirming* its previous resolutions on the Syrian Arab Republic,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Reaffirming","action_verb_normalized":"reaffirm","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"6f35716b-b12e-5b75-a49f-224b4ca80619","position":11,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Condemning the grave situation of human rights across the Syrian Arab Republic, and demanding that the Syrian authorities meet their responsibility to protect the Syrian population and to respect, protect and fulfil the human rights of all persons within its jurisdiction,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Condemning* the grave situation of human rights across the Syrian Arab Republic, and demanding that the Syrian authorities meet their responsibility to protect the Syrian population and to respect, protect and fulfil the human rights of all persons within its jurisdiction,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Condemning","action_verb_normalized":"condemn","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"b7ab87d4-4a41-5f2c-949c-637280f7bd91","position":12,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Noting that, under applicable international law, and in line with Security Council resolution 2474 (2019) of 11 June 2019, parties to armed conflict bear the primary responsibility to take all feasible measures to account for persons reported missing as a result of hostilities, and to provide their family members with any information that the parties have on their fate, and noting also that the Council in its resolution 2474 (2019) called upon parties to the conflict to take steps to prevent people from going missing in armed conflict,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Noting* that, under applicable international law, and in line with Security Council resolution 2474 (2019) of 11 June 2019, parties to armed conflict bear the primary responsibility to take all feasible measures to account for persons reported missing as a result of hostilities, and to provide their family members with any information that the parties have on their fate, and noting also that the Council in its resolution 2474 (2019) called upon parties to the conflict to take steps to prevent people from going missing in armed conflict,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Noting","action_verb_normalized":"note","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"0daa1096-e16d-5373-a7cb-e70fb85bab92","position":13,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Recalling the statements made by the Secretary-General and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights that crimes against humanity and war crimes are likely to have been committed in the Syrian Arab Republic,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Recalling* the statements made by the Secretary-General and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights that crimes against humanity and war crimes are likely to have been committed in the Syrian Arab Republic,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Recalling","action_verb_normalized":"recall","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"ede695a5-bed9-5a61-811a-5f06495460bb","position":14,"note_ids":[2],"note_references":[{"offset":167,"note_id":2}],"text":"Expressing its deepest concern at the findings of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic, including in its most recent report, expressing support for the mandate of the Commission of Inquiry and deploring the lack of cooperation by the Syrian authorities with the Commission of Inquiry,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Expressing* its deepest concern at the findings of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic, including in its most recent report, expressing support for the mandate of the Commission of Inquiry and deploring the lack of cooperation by the Syrian authorities with the Commission of Inquiry,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Expressing","action_verb_normalized":"express","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"bb6b271b-4b9e-5ecd-ae59-bedd94458104","position":15,"note_ids":[3],"note_references":[{"offset":254,"note_id":3}],"text":"Welcoming the work of the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to Assist in the Investigation and Prosecution of Persons Responsible for the Most Serious Crimes under International Law Committed in the Syrian Arab Republic since March 2011, and noting with appreciation the work of the United Nations Board of Inquiry,","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"preambular","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":null,"links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Welcoming* the work of the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to Assist in the Investigation and Prosecution of Persons Responsible for the Most Serious Crimes under International Law Committed in the Syrian Arab Republic since March 2011, and noting with appreciation the work of the United Nations Board of Inquiry,","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Welcoming","action_verb_normalized":"welcome","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"aa6c0086-2f27-5e26-b07d-8e0e800e3eed","position":16,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Deplores the situation of human rights in the Syrian Arab Republic and the fact that the ongoing conflict continues to have a devastating impact on the civilian population, including consistent patterns of gross violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law, and reiterates the call of the Secretary-General for a global ceasefire and that of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria for a complete, immediate and nationwide ceasefire throughout the Syrian Arab Republic, and urges all parties to the conflict to direct their efforts to enact it;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"1.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Deplores* the situation of human rights in the Syrian Arab Republic and the fact that the ongoing conflict continues to have a devastating impact on the civilian population, including consistent patterns of gross violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law, and reiterates the call of the Secretary-General for a global ceasefire and that of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria for a complete, immediate and nationwide ceasefire throughout the Syrian Arab Republic, and urges all parties to the conflict to direct their efforts to enact it;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Deplores","action_verb_normalized":"deplore","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"427415db-66d1-5bc9-b43d-539110663ca7","position":17,"note_ids":[4],"note_references":[{"offset":303,"note_id":4}],"text":"Strongly condemns all violations and abuses of international human rights law and all violations of international humanitarian law throughout the Syrian Arab Republic, takes note of the most recent report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic in this regard, demands that all parties immediately comply with their respective obligations, and emphasizes the need to ensure that all those responsible for such violations and abuses are held to account;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"2.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"Strongly *condemns* all violations and abuses of international human rights law and all violations of international humanitarian law throughout the Syrian Arab Republic, takes note of the most recent report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic in this regard, demands that all parties immediately comply with their respective obligations, and emphasizes the need to ensure that all those responsible for such violations and abuses are held to account;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"condemns","action_verb_normalized":"condemn","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"fb2083a2-2576-5b3b-8ba1-0c7e99dcbffd","position":18,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Reaffirms the importance of establishing appropriate processes and mechanisms to achieve justice, reconciliation, truth and accountability for violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law, and reparations and effective remedies for victims and survivors, and the prerequisite role that accountability and transitional justice mechanisms can play in any effort to bring about a sustainable, inclusive and peaceful conclusion to the conflict, and welcomes the significant endeavours of the Commission of Inquiry and the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to Assist in the Investigation and Prosecution of Persons Responsible for the Most Serious Crimes under International Law Committed in the Syrian Arab Republic since March 2011, while noting the important role that the International Criminal Court can play in this regard;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"3.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Reaffirms* the importance of establishing appropriate processes and mechanisms to achieve justice, reconciliation, truth and accountability for violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law, and reparations and effective remedies for victims and survivors, and the prerequisite role that accountability and transitional justice mechanisms can play in any effort to bring about a sustainable, inclusive and peaceful conclusion to the conflict, and welcomes the significant endeavours of the Commission of Inquiry and the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to Assist in the Investigation and Prosecution of Persons Responsible for the Most Serious Crimes under International Law Committed in the Syrian Arab Republic since March 2011, while noting the important role that the International Criminal Court can play in this regard;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Reaffirms","action_verb_normalized":"reaffirm","action_verb_type":"reinforcing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"ccd4b6c4-7779-5e82-bcbb-9f6097dde547","position":19,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Welcomes the recent efforts by the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria to convene and facilitate the third session of the Syrian-led and Syrian-owned constitutional committee in Geneva, and urges all parties, particularly the Syrian authorities, to engage meaningfully in the political process under the auspices of the Special Envoy and his office in Geneva, in accordance with all elements of Security Council resolution 2254 (2015) of 18 December 2015, including free and fair elections pursuant to the new constitution, the release of any arbitrarily detained persons, the immediate cessation of any attacks directed at civilians and civilian objects and the building of conditions for the safe, voluntary, dignified and sustainable return of Syrian refugees and internally displaced persons, and to ensure the inclusion of the equal voice and full, effective and meaningful participation and representation of women in all efforts and decision-making;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"4.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Welcomes* the recent efforts by the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria to convene and facilitate the third session of the Syrian-led and Syrian-owned constitutional committee in Geneva, and urges all parties, particularly the Syrian authorities, to engage meaningfully in the political process under the auspices of the Special Envoy and his office in Geneva, in accordance with all elements of Security Council resolution 2254 (2015) of 18 December 2015, including free and fair elections pursuant to the new constitution, the release of any arbitrarily detained persons, the immediate cessation of any attacks directed at civilians and civilian objects and the building of conditions for the safe, voluntary, dignified and sustainable return of Syrian refugees and internally displaced persons, and to ensure the inclusion of the equal voice and full, effective and meaningful participation and representation of women in all efforts and decision-making;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Welcomes","action_verb_normalized":"welcome","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"5b2fb7dc-64a7-5a9b-929c-df605e12fe68","position":20,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Deplores the military offensive instigated by Syrian regime forces in Idlib Governorate and surrounding areas in December 2019, which continues to indiscriminately target and severely affect the civilian population, and remains extremely concerned about the situation, notes in this regard the signing by the Russian Federation and Turkey on 5 March 2020 of the Additional Protocol to the Memorandum on the Stabilization of the Situation in the Idlib De-escalation Area, and stresses the importance of continuing to work towards preserving calm on the ground and the urgent need for the immediate cessation of any military hostilities in Idlib and surrounding areas, the prioritization of the protection of all civilians, including those previously displaced, and the guarantee of rapid and unimpeded humanitarian access;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"5.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Deplores* the military offensive instigated by Syrian regime forces in Idlib Governorate and surrounding areas in December 2019, which continues to indiscriminately target and severely affect the civilian population, and remains extremely concerned about the situation, notes in this regard the signing by the Russian Federation and Turkey on 5 March 2020 of the Additional Protocol to the Memorandum on the Stabilization of the Situation in the Idlib De-escalation Area, and stresses the importance of continuing to work towards preserving calm on the ground and the urgent need for the immediate cessation of any military hostilities in Idlib and surrounding areas, the prioritization of the protection of all civilians, including those previously displaced, and the guarantee of rapid and unimpeded humanitarian access;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Deplores","action_verb_normalized":"deplore","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"019ed4a1-421c-5136-b9d8-426241e723f9","position":21,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Expresses deep concern at the situation on the ground across other areas of the Syrian Arab Republic, including those areas retaken by the Syrian authorities and allied forces and areas under the control of non-State armed groups, while noting that the Commission of Inquiry in its latest report highlighted impediments to the freedom of movement of people and goods, which limited access to basic services and curtailed housing, land and property rights;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"6.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Expresses* deep concern at the situation on the ground across other areas of the Syrian Arab Republic, including those areas retaken by the Syrian authorities and allied forces and areas under the control of non-State armed groups, while noting that the Commission of Inquiry in its latest report highlighted impediments to the freedom of movement of people and goods, which limited access to basic services and curtailed housing, land and property rights;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Expresses","action_verb_normalized":"express concern","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"0fa93cc5-49db-5853-8c29-1474b42c581e","position":22,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Strongly condemns the continued practice of enforced disappearance and arbitrary detention, notably widespread in areas where the Syrian authorities have retaken control, which undermines the potential for genuine progress towards a political solution and that, according to the Commission of Inquiry, represents an urgent and large-scale crisis of human rights protection, and welcomes the priority given by the Special Envoy to this issue and his intention to actively pursue efforts to scale up action in this regard in his engagement with all concerned;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"7.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"Strongly *condemns* the continued practice of enforced disappearance and arbitrary detention, notably widespread in areas where the Syrian authorities have retaken control, which undermines the potential for genuine progress towards a political solution and that, according to the Commission of Inquiry, represents an urgent and large-scale crisis of human rights protection, and welcomes the priority given by the Special Envoy to this issue and his intention to actively pursue efforts to scale up action in this regard in his engagement with all concerned;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"condemns","action_verb_normalized":"condemn","action_verb_type":"evaluative","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"8bff87ef-f83b-5f7d-8817-2819b9829fb6","position":23,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Takes note of the recent findings of the Commission of Inquiry that there are reasonable grounds to believe the Syrian authorities, in pursuance of a continued State policy, have continued to perpetrate crimes against humanity, enforced disappearance, murder, torture, sexual violence and imprisonment; highlights in this regard the urgent call by the Commission of Inquiry for all parties to immediately cease torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, including sexual and gender-based violence, in places of detention, to cease all forms of incommunicado detention and release all persons arbitrarily detained, and to take all feasible measures, under Security Council resolution 2474 (2019), to search for and reveal the fates of those detained and/or missing or disappeared, and further establish an effective channel of communication with families to ensure that their legal, economic and psychological needs are addressed adequately; and urges all parties, but particularly the Syrian authorities, also to grant appropriate international monitoring bodies and medical services immediate access, without undue restrictions, to detainees and detention facilities;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"8.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Takes note* of the recent findings of the Commission of Inquiry that there are reasonable grounds to believe the Syrian authorities, in pursuance of a continued State policy, have continued to perpetrate crimes against humanity, enforced disappearance, murder, torture, sexual violence and imprisonment; highlights in this regard the urgent call by the Commission of Inquiry for all parties to immediately cease torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, including sexual and gender-based violence, in places of detention, to cease all forms of incommunicado detention and release all persons arbitrarily detained, and to take all feasible measures, under Security Council resolution 2474 (2019), to search for and reveal the fates of those detained and/or missing or disappeared, and further establish an effective channel of communication with families to ensure that their legal, economic and psychological needs are addressed adequately; and urges all parties, but particularly the Syrian authorities, also to grant appropriate international monitoring bodies and medical services immediate access, without undue restrictions, to detainees and detention facilities;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Takes note","action_verb_normalized":"take note","action_verb_type":"observing","assignees":[],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"b1cca5b6-b63a-5458-b01f-cd747b7c1635","position":24,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Demands that all parties desist immediately from any use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic, in violation of international law, including obligations under international customary law and the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, to which the Syrian Arab Republic acceded in 2013, and expresses its strong conviction that those responsible for such use must be held accountable;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"9.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Demands* <<that all parties desist immediately from any use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic, in violation of international law, including obligations under international customary law and the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction>>, to which the Syrian Arab Republic acceded in 2013, and expresses its strong conviction that those responsible for such use must be held accountable;","mandates":[{"action_verb":"Demands","action_verb_normalized":"demand","action_verb_type":"directive","assignees":[{"assignee":"that all parties desist immediately from any use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic, in violation of international law, including obligations under international customary law and the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction","assignee_normalized":"that all parties desist immediately from any use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic","assignee_type":"ngo_other"}],"mentioned_entities":[],"deliverables":[]}],"section":"main","text_index":1,"parser_version":"sem-v5","source":"digitallibrary"},{"extraction_quality_warning":false,"id":"f6024764-693f-5085-9800-daf70444099a","position":25,"note_ids":[],"note_references":[],"text":"Deplores the ongoing humanitarian crisis in the Syrian Arab Republic, which the risks created by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has further exacerbated, deeply regrets the reduction in approved crossing points for cross-border humanitarian aid and the impact on vulnerable populations, and demands that the Syrian authorities and their State and non-State allies facilitate, and all other parties to the conflict do not hinder, full, timely, immediate, unrestricted and safe humanitarian access, including by ensuring immediate cross-line access to prevent further suffering and loss of life and by guaranteeing respect for humanitarian principles across the Syrian Arab Republic;","type":"paragraph","heading_level":null,"paragraph_type":"operative","paragraph_level":1,"prefix":"10.","links":[],"textWithHighlights":"*Deplores* the ongoing humanitarian crisis in the Syrian Arab Republic, which the risks created by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has further exacerbated, deeply regrets the reduction in approved crossing points for cross-border humanitarian aid and the impact on vulnerable populations, and demands that the Syrian authorities and their State and non-State allies facilitate, and all other parties to the conflict do not hinder, full, timely, immediate, unrestricted and safe humanitarian access, including by ensuring immediate cross-line access to prevent further suffering and loss of life and by guaranteeing respect for humanitarian principles across the Syrian Arab 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